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June 01, 2026

Bridging two worlds: Indigenous voices shaping health care

 Three smiling Indigenous adults walk together through a forest, with the text “Indigenous History Month” displayed below them.

June is National Indigenous History Month, a time to recognize and reflect on the histories, cultures and contributions of First Nations, Métis and Inuit peoples across Canada.

It is also a chance to listen to Indigenous health care professionals whose knowledge and leadership are helping shape nursing in meaningful ways.

Dr. Nicole Blackman, RN, Chief Operating Officer, and Christi-Ann Poulette, RN, Health System Transformation Manager, both from the Indigenous Primary Health Care Council (IPHCC), share what it means to practice nursing while holding Indigenous knowledge and values at the centre of their work.

Two-Eyed Seeing

Both nurses draw on Two-Eyed Seeing, a concept introduced by Elder Albert Marshall of the Moose Clan of the Mi'kmaw Nation. It brings Indigenous and Western knowledge together as equally valuable ways of understanding care. In practice, this can mean making room for ceremony alongside medical treatment and creating care plans that reflect a patient’s cultural ties and community connections.
"I've always tried to make space for both perspectives to be present in health care," said Poulette, "… allowing families to practice ceremonies, to address traditional beliefs that they want embedded in their care as well as the Western medical treatment."

Blackman noted that access to traditional healing practices is not equal across regions, and that Indigenous-led organizations have a key role to play in closing that gap. "We're starting to see an integration of traditional healing practices within care plans for Indigenous communities," she said.

A different way of thinking about health

For both nurses, good care means treating people as whole human beings, not as a set of symptoms or conditions. "It is done through culturally grounded, community-based and holistic approaches to care," said Blackman. "It goes beyond the biomedical model to restore balance and foster connection."

That means recognizing the resilience and cultural strengths patients bring with them. It also means understanding that health disparities have deeper root causes and that communities have the right to be part of the solutions.

A message to Indigenous nurses

Both Blackman and Poulette spoke directly to Indigenous youth considering a career in health care. Their message was straightforward: your perspective belongs in this profession, and it is needed.

"Indigenous nurses can create change and help transform our health care system by incorporating traditional practices and cultural values into the care they provide," said Poulette. "There are so many opportunities to learn and lead in health care, and our Indigenous youth coming up behind us can provide such great fresh ideas to create positive change and really impact the health care of themselves and their community."

Blackman spoke to how that leadership extends beyond direct patient care: "Indigenous nurses are at the forefront of transformational change. They are not only delivering care, but they are leading policy, education, governance and cultural revitalization."

She closed with a message for Indigenous nurses:

"You belong here. Your voice, your knowledge, your experiences, your culture are not only valuable in health care, but they are needed. When you choose a path in health, you're not only choosing a profession, you are becoming a healer, an advocate and a bridge between two worlds."

Watch the full conversation with Nicole Blackman and Christi-Ann Poulette.

About CNO

The College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO) is the regulator of the nursing profession in Ontario. It is not a school or a nursing association. CNO acts in the public interest by:

  • assessing qualifications and registering individuals who want to practice nursing in Ontario.
  • setting the practice standards of the profession that nurses in Ontario are expected to meet.
  • promoting nurses' continuing competence through a quality assurance program.
  • holding nurses accountable to those standards by addressing complaints or reports about nursing care.

The College was founded in 1963. By establishing the College, the Ontario government was acknowledging that the nursing profession had the ability to govern itself and put the public's well-being ahead of professional interests.

For the latest information, please see our Nursing Statistics page.

Anyone who wants to use a nursing-related title — Registered Nurse (RN), Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) or Nurse Practitioner (NP) must become a member of CNO.

Frequently Asked Questions

Go to the public Register, Find a Nurse, to conduct a search for the nurse. Contact us if you can't find the person you are looking for.

All public information available about nurses is posted in the public Register, Find a Nurse, which contains profiles of every nurse in Ontario. Publicly available information about nurses include their registration history, business address, and information related to pending disciplinary hearings or past findings.

Unregistered practitioners are people who are seeking employment in nursing or holding themselves out as being able to practice nursing in Ontario, but who are not qualified to do so. They are not registered members of CNO. Only people registered with CNO can use nursing-related titles or perform certain procedures that could cause harm if carried out by a non-registered health professional. CNO takes the issue of unregistered practitioners seriously. See Unregistered Practitioners for more information.

To ensure procedural fairness for both the patient (or client) and the nurse, the Regulated Health Professions Act requires that information gathered during an investigation remain confidential until the matter is referred to the Discipline Committee or Fitness to Practise Committee. CNO will not disclose any information that could identify patients (or clients) or compromise an investigation. See Investigations: A Process Guide for more information.

Information obtained during an investigation will become public if the matter is referred to a disciplinary hearing. If a complaint is not referred to a hearing, no information will be available publicly.

See CNO's hearings schedule, which is updated as hearing dates are confirmed. Hearings at CNO are open to the public and the media. For details on how to attend a hearing, contact the Hearings Administration Team.

A summary of allegations and the disciplinary panel outcomes can be found on the public Register, Find a Nurse. Full decisions and reasons are also available.

Where a disciplinary panel makes a finding of professional misconduct, they have the authority to reprimand a nurse, and suspend or revoke a nurse's registration. Terms, conditions and limitations can also be imposed on a nurse's registration, which restricts their practice for a set period. Nurses can also be required to complete remedial activities, such as reviewing CNO documents and meeting with an expert, before returning to practice.

For detailed information see the Sexual Abuse Prevention section.

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